\u00a0<\/span>\u5927\u5e08\u7ea7\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4e13\u5bb6\u7edd\u975e\u5f92\u6709\u5176\u540d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u4f60\u7684\u76f2\u70b9\u548c\u8bef\u533a\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4f60\u4e00\u79cd\u5d2d\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u9009\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4f4d\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u5e08\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u7684\u90fd\u66fe\u7ecf\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u843d\u91cc\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u601d\u60f3\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5b83\u662f\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u822c\u5de5\u5177\u7684“<\/span>\u5de5\u5177“<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5b83\u5f88\u96be\u88ab\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u65e6\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n1<\/span><\/span>\u3001\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u4e86\u89e3“<\/span>\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ba1\u7406\u4e4b\u7236“<\/span>\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7<\/span>\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\uff08Peter Drucker<\/span>\uff09\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb60<\/span>\u4f59\u5e74\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7<\/span>\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u7684\u300a\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5b9a\u8bba\u6027\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u539f\u4ef6\u6253\u5370\u5728\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u4fe1\u7b3a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u4eb2\u7b14\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/span>\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/span><\/span>
\n\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span>\u65e9\u572860<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u7ba1\u7406\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5668\u5b98\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f“<\/span>\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406“<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6240\u6709\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u673a\u6784\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u653e\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\uff1b<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u6211\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u95e8\u5b66\u79d1\uff1b<\/span><\/span>
\n\u2014\u2014<\/span><\/span>\u6211\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u4eba\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\uff1b\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u79d1\u662f\u628a\u7ba1\u7406\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u95e8\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u827a\u672f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f7c\u5f97 \u5fb7\u9c81\u514b 1999<\/span>\u5e741<\/span>\u670818<\/span>\u65e5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6e90\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230200<\/span>\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u65e9\u3002\u4f46\u7ba1\u7406\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u2014\u2014\u5176\u5f00\u521b\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u5e94\u662f1954<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7<\/span>\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u6240\u8457\u300a\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u7684\u95ee\u4e16\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7<\/span>\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u95e8\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5e76\u7cbe\u8f9f\u5730\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff1a“<\/span>\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u2018<\/span>\u77e5‘<\/span>\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u2018<\/span>\u884c‘<\/span>\uff1b\u5176\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u6210\u679c\uff1b\u5176\u552f\u4e00\u6743\u5a01\u5c31\u662f\u6210\u5c31\u3002“<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u5bf9“<\/span>\u8d23\u4efb“<\/span>\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u7684“<\/span>\u8d23\u4efb“<\/span>\u3001\u5458\u5de5\u7684“<\/span>\u8d23\u4efb“<\/span>\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684“<\/span>\u8d23\u4efb“<\/span>\u8c08\u5f97\u5f88\u591a\u30021973<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u601d\u8003\u6d53\u7f29\u5230\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u5171\u8fbe839<\/span>\u9875\u7684\u6d69\u701a\u5de8\u8457\u4ee5\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u800c\u6d53\u7f29\u7684\u4e66\u540d\u9053\u51fa\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u771f\u8c1b\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u300a\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u8d23\u4efb\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u3002\u636e\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u7ba1\u7406\u8be0\u91ca\u4e3a\uff1a\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u3001\u52c7\u4e8e\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22“<\/span>\u8d23\u4efb“<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bcd\u6761\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u8be5\u4e66\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u8fbe36<\/span>\u5904\u8c08\u5230“<\/span>\u8d23\u4efb“<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u7adf\u65e0\u4e00\u5904\u8c08\u5230“<\/span>\u6743\u529b“<\/span>\u3002“<\/span>\u6743\u529b\u548c\u804c\u6743\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5f53\u5c40\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u800c\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u804c\u6743\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u8d23\u4efb\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u4f46\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u591a\u8981\u4e00\u70b9\u3002“<\/span>\u5728\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5f53\u5c40\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5b83\u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u624d\u6709\u804c\u6743\uff08authority<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6240\u8c13\u7684“<\/span>\u6743\u529b“<\/span>\uff08power<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u5fb7\u9c81\u514b\u53cd\u590d\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8ba4\u771f\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u786e\u5b9e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u80fd\u80dc\u4efb\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u771f\u5730\u5bf9\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u6210\u7ee9\u8d1f\u8d77\u8d23\u4efb\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8d23 \u4efb\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u5bf9\u522b\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\u800c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5458\u5de5\u4e0d\u80fd\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u662f\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u3001\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u3001\u6709\u80fd \u529b\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u548c\u6240\u5728\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u8d23\u4efb\u6765\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u5458\u5de5\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u6709\u6240\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7531\u5b9e\u73b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u540c\u5176\u4e0a\u7ea7\u4e00\u8d77\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u5236 \u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e0e\u6574\u4e2a\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u5de5\u4f5c\u5bcc\u6709\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5458\u5de5\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u6240\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u800c\u5458\u5de5\u5219\u9700\u8981\u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u627f \u62c5\u8d23\u4efb\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u7eaa\u5f8b\u548c\u6fc0\u52b1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5fb7\u9c81<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span>\u7ba1\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6377\u5f84\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3001\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u5f00\u59cb\u3002 <\/span><\/span><\/span>2<\/span>\u3001\u6ce2\u7279\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54c8\u4f5b\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u6559\u6388\u548c\u7ade\u4e89\u6218\u7565\u65b9\u9762\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7<\/span>\u6ce2\u7279\uff08Michael E. Porter<\/span>\uff09\u53ef\u79f0\u4f5c“<\/span>\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388“<\/span>\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u57282002<\/span>\u5e745<\/span>\u6708\u57c3\u68ee\u54f2\u516c\u53f8\u5bf9\u5f53\u4ee3\u6700\u9876\u5c1650<\/span>\u4f4d\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u6392\u540d\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7<\/span>\u6ce2\u7279\u4f4d\u5c45\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u58f0\u540d\u8d6b\u8d6b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7<\/span>\u6ce2\u7279\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u67b6\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u6865\u6881\u3002\u5728\u5176\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u7ade\u4e89\u6218\u7565\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u884c\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684“<\/span>\u4e94\u529b\u6a21\u578b“<\/span>\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a:<\/span>\u884c\u4e1a\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u72b6\u51b5;<\/span>\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u7684\u8bae\u4ef7\u80fd\u529b;<\/span>\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u8bae\u4ef7\u80fd\u529b;<\/span>\u66ff\u4ee3\u4ea7\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5a01\u80c1 ;<\/span>\u65b0\u8fdb\u5165\u8005\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u8fd9\u4e94\u5927\u7ade\u4e89\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u76c8\u5229\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u516c\u53f8\u6218\u7565\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e94\u5728\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u6700\u5177\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7<\/span>\u6ce2\u7279\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86“<\/span>\u4e09\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u6218\u7565“<\/span>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6210\u672c\u9886\u5148\u3001\u5dee\u5f02\u5316\u548c\u4e13\u6ce8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u7531\u4e8e\u4f01\u4e1a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6218\u7565\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\n<\/span>\u8425\u6a21\u5f0f\u521b\u65b0\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u76c8\u5229\u80fd\u529b\u4e0e\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u6ce2\u7279\u4e3a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6218\u7565\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u7684\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u70b9\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8425\u5b9e\u8df5\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6ce2\u7279\u6218\u7565\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u66f4\u591a\u5728\u4e8e\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u4f01\u4e1a\u6218\u7565\u6027\u601d\u8003\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ecf\u8425\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5177\u6709\u6770\u514b\u00b7<\/span>\u97e6\u5c14\u5947\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u5c31\u5df2\u8db3\u591f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u7f3a\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u52c7\u6c14\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5927\u80c6\u51b3\u7b56\u524d\u7684\u8c28\u614e\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u6709\u5229\u7684\u6218\u573a\u3001\u65f6\u673a\u548c\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u51fa\u51fb\u3002\u6ce2\u7279\u6218\u7565\u7406\u8bba\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a80<\/span>\u5e74\u5ea6\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6218\u7565\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u5546\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u592a\u9002\u5408\u5f53\u4eca\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u4ed6\u7684\u6218\u7565\u89c2\u5ff5\u5c06\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\u89c6\u4e3a\u65e2\u5b9a\uff0c\u8f83\u5c11\u8003\u8651\u4ea7\u4e1a\u53d8\u9769\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u957f\u671f\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u65b9\u9762\u6ca1\u6709\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c“<\/span>\u4e94\u529b\u6a21\u578b“<\/span>\u5f88\u96be\u7528\u6765\u5206\u6790\u8fc5\u901f\u53d8\u5316\u6216\u524d\u666f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\u3002\u7535\u4fe1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u5236\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5145\u6ee1\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u7528\u6ce2\u7279\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u9884\u6d4b\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u683c\u5c40\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3<\/span>\u3001\u54c8\u9ed8\u5c14\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u91cc\u00b7<\/span>\u54c8\u9ed8\u5c14\uff08Gary Hamel<\/span>\uff09\u662f Strategos <\/span>\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\u66a8\u521b\u529e\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u524d\u4f26\u6566\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u6218\u7565\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u7ba1\u7406\u6559\u6388\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u6218\u7565\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6700\u524d\u6cbf\u5927\u5e08\uff0c\u88ab\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u300b\u8a89\u4e3a“<\/span>\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5927\u5e08“<\/span>\u30021990<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u91cc\u00b7<\/span>\u54c8\u9ed8\u5c14\u548c\u666e\u54c8\u62c9\uff08C. K. Prahalad<\/span>\uff09 \u5728\u300a\u54c8\u4f5b\u5546\u4e1a\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u529b\u300b\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u548c\u987e\u5ba2\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u96f6\u90e8\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u9690\u542b\u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u4ea7 \u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u4fdd\u6301\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u4e24\u4eba \u5408\u8457\u7684\u300a\u7ade\u4e89\u5927\u672a\u6765\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u54c8\u9ed8\u5c14\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fc5\u987b\u6253\u7834\u65e7\u6709\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u79ef\u6781\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u80f8\u6000\u53bb\u601d\u8003\u3001\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u628a\u63e1\u672a\u6765\u8d8b\u52bf\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u6218\u7565\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6838\u5fc3 \u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u521b\u65b0\u4e2d\u638c\u63e1\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5f15\u5bfc\u9769\u547d\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u54c8\u9ed8\u5c14\u63d0\u51fa\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u4e0d\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u6240\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u4ea7\u54c1\u6216\u91c7\u7528\u65b0\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u4ea7\u751f“<\/span>\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5“<\/span>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4f01\u4e1a\u8981\u79ef\u6781\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6982\u5ff5\u8f6c\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u54c8\u9ed8\u5c14\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6218\u7565\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u4e8e\u79ef\u6781\u5efa\u7acb\u5e76\u53d1\u6325\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c24\u5176\u8981\u91cd\u89c6\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002WTO<\/span>\u4e4b \u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u9762\u4e34\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u521b\u9020\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff1b\u5728\u5408\u7406\u5b9a \u4f4d\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u6325\u8fd9\u79cd\u6838\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u5927\u7684\u6218\u7565\u773c\u5149\uff0c\u54c8\u9ed8\u5c14\u7684\u6218\u7565\u601d\u60f3\u65e0\u7591\u5f88\u6709\u6307\u5bfc\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6218\u7565\u9009 \u62e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u591a\u5173\u6ce8\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u54c8\u9ed8\u5c14\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u521b\u65b0\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

4<\/span>\u3001\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u5766\u68ee\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u514b\u83b1\u987f\u00b7<\/span>\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u5766\u68ee\uff08Clayton Christensen<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u54c8\u4f5b\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5de5\u5546\u7ba1\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2a\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u529b\u884c\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u5766\u68ee\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u66fe\u7ecf\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u5d07\u62dc\u5e76\u7aed\u529b\u6548\u4eff\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u6700 \u7ec8\u5374\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u751f\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u884c\u4e1a\u9886\u5148\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u5148\u4f01\u4e1a\u8870\u8d25\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u5766\u68ee \u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u8870\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u88ab\u987e\u5ba2\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u6240\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u52c7\u4e8e\u6295\u8d44\u65b0\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u5411\u5176\u987e\u5ba2\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a \u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff1b\u5b83\u4eec\u8ba4\u771f\u7814\u7a76\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u5c06\u8d44\u672c\u6295\u5411\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6700\u4f73\u56de\u62a5\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u4e0a\u9762\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4e0b\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u6295\u8d44\u4e8e\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u521b\u65b0\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b \u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7406\u667a\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7ee9\u4f18\u4f01\u4e1a\u53cd\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u521b\u65b0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u5766\u68ee\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u521b\u65b0\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u56f4\u7ed5\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u6280\u672f\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8b\u4e1a\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u4e3b\u6d41\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u800c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u878d\u5165\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span>\u628a \u5b9e\u73b0\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u6280\u672f\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u4e0b\u653e\u7ed9\u89c4\u6a21\u6070\u597d\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u5e02\u573a\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5bf9\u5c0f\u578b\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6210\u957f\u673a\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u65e2\u5b9a\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u5df2\u6709 \u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u6240\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6f5c\u80fd\uff08\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3002\u5206\u6790\u7ec4\u7ec7\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\u548c \u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u5e02\u573a\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e3b\u6d41\u5ba2\u6237\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u6240\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u6293\u4f4f\u7ade\u4e89\u57fa\u7840\u53d8\u52a8\u7684\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u610f\u4e49\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
\n1<\/span><\/span>\u3001\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u521b\u65b0\u662f\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4e2a\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/span>
\n2<\/span><\/span>\u3001\u88ab\u5e7f\u4e3a\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u56e0\u65f6\u800c\u5f02\u7684\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u5766\u68ee\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5e94\u8be5\u9075\u4ece\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e7f\u4e3a\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4f18\u79c0\u7ba1\u7406\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u91c7\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u5219\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/span>
\n3<\/span><\/span>\u3001\u5728\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u521b\u65b0\u539f\u5219\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u505a\u597d\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fd1\u671f\u5185\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u52a8\u5458\u8db3\u591f\u591a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u90a3\u4e9b\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f01\u4e1a\u8d70\u4e0b\u5761\u8def\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

5<\/span>\u3001\u5f7c\u5f97\u65af\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

“<\/span>\u5e02\u573a\u53d8\u5f97\u50cf\u65f6\u88c5\u3001\u6d41\u884c\u8272\u4e00\u6837\u4e0d\u53ef\u6349\u6478\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u66f4\u65b0\u5fc5\u987b\u8ddf\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u2018<\/span>\u6beb\u5fae\u79d2‘<\/span>\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002“<\/span>\u88ab\u300a\u8d22\u5bcc\u300b\u548c\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u300b\u8a89\u4e3a“<\/span>\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u5927\u5e08\u7684\u5927\u5e08“<\/span>\u7684\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u6c64\u59c6\u00b7<\/span>\u5f7c\u5f97\u65af\uff08Tom Peters<\/span>\uff09\u5982\u662f\u8bf4\u3002\u5f7c\u5f97\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5404\u5177\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6210\u529f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5374\u90fd\u6d45\u663e\u5e73\u5e38\uff0c\u4eba\u4eba\u7686\u77e5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48“<\/span>\u65b0\u5f0f\u6b66\u5668“<\/span>\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u9762\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u9762\u5411\u987e\u5ba2\u3002\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u8981\u56f4\u7740\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u987e\u5ba2\u8f6c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u628a\u987e\u5ba2\u5f53\u6210\u6709\u8840\u6709\u8089\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u70ed\u7231\u987e\u5ba2\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u987e\u5ba2\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7279\u8272\u5316\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5bf9\u987e\u5ba2\u504f\u597d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8fc5\u901f\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4ee5\u987e\u5ba2\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u4e3a\u4f9d\u5f52\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5ba2 \u6237\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u9500\u552e\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u987e\u5ba2\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u4f01 \u4e1a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6240\u6709\u7ecf\u8425\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u987e\u5ba2\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u79c9\u627f\u987e\u5ba2\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u6ee1\u8db3\u987e\u5ba2\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f01\u4e1a\u589e\u957f\u3002\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u767d\u70ed\u5316\u3002\u6108\u6f14\u6108\u70c8\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5dee \u522b\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u505a\u5f97\u8d8a\u597d\uff0c\u8d8a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u5360\u4e0a\u98ce\u3002\u5168\u65b0\u9500\u552e\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5230\u6765\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9500\u552e\u6218\u7565 \u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u662f“<\/span>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0e\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\u4e0d\u540c“<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u6765\u9500\u552e\u65f6\u4ee3\u5c06\u662f\u4e0e\u987e\u5ba2\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u8981\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u548c\u987e\u5ba2\u7ad9\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u987e\u5ba2\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u9500\u552e\uff0c\u8fbe\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5206\u4eab\u56de\u62a5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

6<\/span>\u3001\u660e\u8328\u4f2f\u683c\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7<\/span>\u660e\u8328\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Henry Minzberg<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8457\u540d\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6218\u7565\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u660e\u8328\u4f2f\u683c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ecf\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u300a\u7ecf\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u300b\u662f\u4ed6\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u660e\u8328\u4f2f\u683c\u5f3a\u8c03\u7ecf\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u7ecf\u7406\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u62c5\u4efb\u768410<\/span>\u79cd \u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u6302\u540d\u9886\u5bfc\u3001\u8054\u7edc\u8005\u3001\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3001\u76d1\u542c\u8005\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u8005\u3001\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u3001\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u8005\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u8005\u548c\u8c08\u5224\u8005\u3002\u660e\u8328\u4f2f\u683c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4ece\u5b9e\u8bc1\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u7ecf\u7406\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa \u7840\u4e0a\u5c06\u7ecf\u7406\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a\u8054\u7cfb\u4eba\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u7406\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u3001\u5185\u5f53\u5bb6\u3001\u5b9e\u65f6\u7ecf\u7406\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u7ecf\u7406\u3001\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ecf\u7406\u3001\u65b0\u7ecf\u7406\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u804c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u961f\u4f0d\u8fd8\u5904\u5728\u521d\u521b\u671f\uff0c\u804c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u5bf9 \u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u9010\u6b65\u88ab\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u660e\u8328\u4f2f\u683c\u5173\u4e8e\u7ecf\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u804c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u8ba4\u6e05\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u804c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u5e94\u4f9d\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7279\u70b9\uff0c \u51c6\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u7ecf\u7406\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u76d1\u542c\u8005\u3001\u4f20\u64ad\u8005\u3001\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5360\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c11\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

7<\/span>\u3001\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7<\/span>\u67ef\u6797\u65af\uff08James C.Collins<\/span>\uff09\u66fe\u83b7\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u6770\u51fa\u6559\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u4efb\u804c\u4e8e\u9ea6\u80af\u9521\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u60e0\u666e\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u4e0e\u6770\u91cc.I.<\/span>\u6ce2\u52d2\u65af\u5408\u8457\u4e86\u300a\u57fa\u4e1a\u957f\u9752\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u3002“<\/span>\u9020\u949f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9020\u65f6“<\/span>\u3002\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u6307\u51fa\uff0c“<\/span>\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u521b\u529e\u4eba\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u5236\u9020\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u62a5\u65f6\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u627e\u5bf9\u65f6\u673a\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u77bb\u8fdc\u77a9\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u6253\u5165\u5e02\u573a\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u975e\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u9ad8\u77bb\u8fdc\u77a9\u9886\u8896\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u77bb\u8fdc\u77a9\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7279\u8d28\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u5927\u7684\u521b\u9020\u7269\u662f\u516c\u53f8\u672c\u8eab\u53ca\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002“<\/span>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5728“<\/span>\u9020\u949f“<\/span>\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u3002“<\/span>\u9020\u949f“<\/span>\u5c31\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u516c\u53f8\u80fd\u9760\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u751f\u5b58\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4f9d\u9760\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u6216\u673a\u4f1a\u7b49\u5076\u7136\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fc5\u987b\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4f9d\u9760\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u597d\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u597d\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8003\u6838\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u597d\u7684\u6218\u7565\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u3002“<\/span>\u5229\u6da6\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42“<\/span>\u4e0e“<\/span>\u6559\u6d3e\u822c\u7684\u6587\u5316“<\/span>\u3002\u6240\u6709\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u662f“<\/span>\u52a1\u5b9e\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005“<\/span>\uff0c\u300a\u57fa\u4e1a\u957f\u9752\u300b\u4e2d\u5199\u5230\uff0c“<\/span>\u5229\u6da6\u662f\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u8fbe\u6210\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u5f88\u591a\u9ad8\u77bb\u8fdc\u77a9\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5229\u6da6\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5229\u6da6\u5c31\u50cf\u4eba\u4f53\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6c27\u6c14\u3001\u98df\u7269\u3001\u6c34\u548c\u8840\u6db2\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u547d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u547d\u3002“<\/span>\u5229\u6da6\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u5728\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u91cc\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u88ab“<\/span>\u6559\u6d3e\u822c\u7684\u6587\u5316“<\/span>\u704c\u8f93\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c“<\/span>\u5229\u6da6\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42“<\/span>\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u3001\u4e0d\u5177\u4f53\uff0c\u52a8\u8f84\u5c31\u662f\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u5927\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4f01\u4e1a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002“<\/span>\u6559\u6d3e\u822c\u7684\u6587\u5316“<\/span>\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4f1f\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u6210\u4e3a\u4f1f\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002“<\/span>\u81ea\u5bb6\u957f\u6210\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba“<\/span>\u3002\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c“18<\/span>\u5bb6\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u603b\u5171\u957f\u8fbe1700<\/span>\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u56db\u4f4dCEO<\/span>\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8“<\/span>\u3002“<\/span>\u81ea\u5bb6\u957f\u6210“<\/span>\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u719f\u6089\u4e86\u89e3\u516c\u53f8\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u6613\u5e26\u9886\u516c\u53f8\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u4ece\u56fd\u5185\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u5bb9\u6613\u63a5\u73ed\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd“<\/span>\u7a7a\u964d\u5175“<\/span>\u5373\u5916\u90e8\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u63a5\u73ed\u90fd\u4e0d\u901a\u7545\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5efa\u7acb\u5185\u90e8\u664b\u5347\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u5458\u57f9\u517b\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6295\u5165\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97“<\/span>\u81ea\u5bb6\u7684\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u80fd\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765“<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>8<\/span>\u3001\u6c49\u9ed8\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1993<\/span>\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7<\/span>\u6c49\u9ed8\uff08Michael Hammer<\/span>\uff09\u4e0e\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7<\/span>\u94b1\u76ae\uff08James Champy<\/span>\uff09\u5728\u300a\u516c\u53f8\u91cd\u7ec4\uff1a\u4f01\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u91cd\u7ec4(Business Process Reengineering<\/span>\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0BPR)<\/span>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u4f5c\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u5f7b\u5e95\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u6210\u672c\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u4f7f\u4f01\u4e1a\u80fd\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u4ee5\u987e\u5ba2\u3001\u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ecf\u8425\u73af\u5883\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9“<\/span>\u52b3\u52a8\u5206\u5de5\u539f\u7406“<\/span>\u548c“<\/span>\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u7406\u8bba“<\/span>\u7b49\u4f20\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\uff0cBPR<\/span>\u5f3a\u8c03\u4f01\u4e1a\u5185\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\uff1a“<\/span>\u91cd\u7ec4“<\/span>\uff1a\u5b9e\u884c\u6a2a\u5411\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u56e2\u961f\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7eb5\u5411\u538b\u7f29\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6241\u5e73\u5316\uff0c\u6388\u6743\u5458\u5de5\u81ea\u884c\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u63a8\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u5f3a\u8c03\u987e\u5ba2\u5bfc\u5411\uff1a\u4ee5\u987e\u5ba2\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8003\u8651\u7ecf\u8425\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u6218\u7565\u5bfc\u5411\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u987e\u5ba2\u9700\u6c42\u8003\u8651\u5e94\u8bbe\u7f6e\u54ea\u4e9b\u7ecf\u8425\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002BPR<\/span>\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u9996\u5148\u5177\u5907\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
\n1 <\/span><\/span>\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u548c\u5458\u5de5\u7d20\u8d28\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u8981\u52c7\u4e8e\u9769\u65b0\uff0c\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0e\u516c\u53f8\u5185\u5916\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u9886\u609fBPR<\/span>\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u65bdBPR<\/span>\u540e\uff0c\u5458\u5de5\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9ad8\u7d20\u8d28\u3002<\/span>
\n2 <\/span><\/span>\u6280\u672f\u5c42\u6b21\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f01\u4e1a\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u6b21\u4f4e\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u6280\u672f\u843d\u540e\u3002\u800cBPR<\/span>\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/span>
\n3 <\/span><\/span>\u4f01\u4e1a\u6587\u5316\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u8425\u9020\u3002BPR<\/span>\u4e5f\u5728\u8f6c\u53d8\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8981\u6c42\u8425\u9020\u9002\u5b9c\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

9<\/span>\u3001\u79d1\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u00b7<\/span>\u79d1\u7279\u52d2\uff08Philip Kotler<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u8425\u9500\u7684\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u8005\uff0c\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a“<\/span>\u73b0\u4ee3\u8425\u9500\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236“<\/span>\u3002\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e4e\u6210\u4e86\u8425\u9500\u5b66\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u5176\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u8425\u9500\u7ba1\u7406\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5404\u56fd\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u9996\u9009\u7684\u8425\u9500\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u88ab\u516c\u8ba4\u4e3a“20<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa50<\/span>\u4f4d\u6700\u4f73\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u5e08\u4e4b\u4e00“<\/span>\u3002\u79d1\u7279\u52d2\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u8425\u9500\u6218\u7565\u4e0e\u89c4\u5212\u3001\u8425\u9500\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u5e02\u573a\u8425\u9500\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u8425\u9500\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\u5e02\u573a\u8425\u9500\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u5730\u533a\u53ca\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\u3002\u79d1\u7279\u52d2\u5927\u7ea6\u572810<\/span>\u5e74\u524d\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u300a\u8425\u9500\u5927\u672a\u6765\u300b\uff08\u539f\u540d\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u8425\u9500\u300b\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u5c06\u8425\u9500\u7406\u5ff5\u4ece\u751f\u4ea7\u89c2\u5ff5\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u89c2\u5ff5\u3001\u8425\u9500\u89c2\u5ff5\u6700\u7ec8\u63a8\u8fdb\u5230“<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u8425\u9500“<\/span>\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65e5\u76ca\u5168\u7403\u5316\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u66f4\u8d8b\u591a\u6781\u5316\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u521d\u9732\u7aef\u502a\u768420<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u548c\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u526f\u666f\u8c61\uff1a\u73af\u5883\u4e25\u91cd\u6076\u5316\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u65e5\u76ca\u77ed\u7f3a\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u6025\u5267\u589e\u957f\u3001\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7d27\u7f29\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u76db\u884c\u3001\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u827e\u6ecb\u75c5\u8513\u5ef6\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u5783\u573e\u82b1\u6837\u767e\u51fa\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8425\u9500\u5b66\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u79d1\u7279\u52d2\u63d0\u51fa\u7684“<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u8425\u9500“<\/span>\u89c2 \u5ff5\uff0c\u5c06\u8425\u9500\u63a8\u8fdb\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u5168\u9762\u5411\u4e70\u65b9\u5e02\u573a\u8fc7\u6e21\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u79d1\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u8425\u9500\u7406\u8bba\u5bf9\u63a8\u52a8\u8425\u9500\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u8425\u9500\u6c34\u51c6\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c \u987e\u5ba2\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u987e\u5ba2\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u987e\u5ba2\u5fe0\u8bda\u3001\u6574\u5408\u8425\u9500\u3001\u8425\u9500\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3001\u5168\u7403\u8425\u9500\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d41\u4f20\u5f88\u5e7f\uff0c\u5e76\u9010\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6216\u6b63\u5728\u5411“<\/span>\u987e\u5ba2\u5bfc\u5411\u578b“<\/span>\u4f01\u4e1a\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u4e00\u6279\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u5168\u9762\u63d0\u5347\u8425\u9500\u80fd\u529b\u540e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u8d70\u5411\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u5e02\u573a\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

10<\/span>\u3001\u79d1\u7279\u7684\u601d\u60f3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7<\/span>\u79d1\u7279\uff08John P. Kotter<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0e\u53d8\u9769\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u6388\u3002\u79d1\u7279\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u4e24\u9879\uff1a<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span>1 <\/span>\u9886\u5bfc\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u8ba1\u5212\u4e0e\u9884\u7b97\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u79e9\u5e8f\uff1b\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u6574\u5408\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u3001\u6fc0\u52b1\u548c\u9f13\u821e\u5458\u5de5\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u53d8\u9769\u3002
\n2 <\/span>\u4f01\u4e1a\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u957f\u671f\u7ecf\u8425\u7ee9\u6548\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6b63\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u53d8\u9769\u662f\u8017\u65f6\u4e14\u6781\u7aef\u590d\u6742\u7684\u516b\u6b65\u9aa4\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1aA.<\/span>\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u7d27\u8feb\u611f\uff1b B.<\/span>\u6210\u7acb\u6307\u5bfc\u8054\u76df\uff1b C.<\/span>\u5f62\u6210\u8fdc\u666f\u548c\u6218\u7565\uff1bD.<\/span>\u4f20\u64ad\u53d8\u9769\u8fdc\u666f\uff1bE.<\/span>\u6388\u6743\u5458\u5de5\u884c\u52a8\uff1b F.<\/span>\u521b\u9020\u8fd1\u671f\u6210\u679c\uff1b G.<\/span>\u5de9\u56fa\u6210\u679c\u5e76\u63a8\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53d8\u9769\uff1b H.<\/span>\u6df1\u690d\u53d8\u9769\u4e8e\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0e\u4ee5\u4e0a8<\/span>\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6210\u529f\u673a\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5c0f\u3002<\/span><\/span>
\n<\/span>\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u4e00\u5411\u5bf9“<\/span>\u9886\u5bfc“<\/span>\u548c“<\/span>\u7ba1\u7406“<\/span>\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684“<\/span>\u6211\u7684\u9886\u5bfc“<\/span>\u6216“<\/span>\u672c\u516c\u53f8\u9886\u5bfc“<\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u6307\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540d\u8bcd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u626e\u6f14\u4e0d\u597d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f01\u4e1a\u5c11\u6709\u957f\u4e45\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5f53\u5f3a\u4eba\u9000\u4f11\u540e\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u968f\u4e4b\u8d70\u5411\u8d25\u4ea1\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c“<\/span>\u5bcc\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e09\u4ee3“<\/span>\u3002\u79d1\u7279\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6301\u4f01\u4e1a\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u7ecf\u8425\u7ee9\u6548\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u601d\u53cd\u7701\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u804c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u7406\u4eba\u5bf9\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4ec5\u505c\u7559\u5728\u300a\u8c01\u52a8\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5976\u916a\u300b\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u771f\u6b63\u63a8\u52a8\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u79d1\u7279\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u516b\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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